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<li class="toctree-l3 current"><a class="current reference internal" href="#"> MDS 的各种状态</a><ul>
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  <p class="first admonition-title">Notice</p>
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  <section id="mds">
<h1>MDS 的各种状态<a class="headerlink" href="#mds" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h1>
<p>在 CephFS 正常运行期间，元数据服务器 (MDS) 会经历几种状态。
例如，某些状态表示 MDS 正在从 MDS 先前实例的故障转移中恢复。
在此，我们将记录所有这些状态，并提供一个状态图来直观展示相互之间的转换。</p>
<section id="id1">
<h2>状态描述<a class="headerlink" href="#id1" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
<section id="id2">
<h3>常见状态<a class="headerlink" href="#id2" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h3>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">active</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>这是 MDS 的正常运行状态。
它表明文件系统中的 MDS 及其 rank 是可用的。</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">standby</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>MDS 可用于接管发生故障的 rank （另请参阅 <a class="reference internal" href="../standby/#mds-standby"><span class="std std-ref">术语</span></a> ）。
只要有可用的，监视器会自动将处于此状态的 MDS 分配给故障的 rank 。</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">standby_replay</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>MDS 正在跟随另一个状态是 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">up:active</span></code> 的 MDS 的日志。
如果活跃 MDS 出现故障，最好有一个处于重放模式的备用 MDS ，
因为这个 MDS 一直在重放实时日志，可以更快地接管。
备用重放（ standby replay ） MDS 的一个缺点是，
如果其他 MDS 出现故障，它们无法接管，只能接管它们跟随的 MDS 。</p>
</section>
<section id="id3">
<h3>不太常见的或过渡状态<a class="headerlink" href="#id3" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h3>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">boot</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>这个状态是在启动期间向 Ceph 监视器们广播。
这个状态永远不可见，因为监视器会立即将 MDS 分配给可用 rank
或命令 MDS 作为热备运行。
在此记录该状态只是为了完整性。</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">creating</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>MDS 正在创建一个新 rank （也许是 rank 0 ），
需要构建一些元数据（比如日志）、然后加入 MDS 集群。</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">starting</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>MDS 正在重启一个停掉的 rank 。
它会打开相关的 per-rank 元数据，并加入 MDS 集群。</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">stopping</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>当 rank 停止时，监视器会命令活跃的 MDS 进入 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">up:stopping</span></code> 状态。
在此状态下，这个 MDS 不再接受新的客户端连接，
将所有子树迁移到文件系统中的其他 rank ，
刷回它的元数据日志，并且，如果这是最后一个 rank (0)，
那就驱逐所有客户端、并关停（另请参阅 <a class="reference internal" href="../administration/#cephfs-administration"><span class="std std-ref">CephFS 管理命令</span></a> ）。</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">replay</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>MDS 接管发生故障的 rank 。
这种状态表示 MDS 正在恢复日志和其他元数据。</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">resolve</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>如果 Ceph 文件系统有多个 rank （包括这一个），就是说，
它不是只有单个活跃 MDS 的集群，那么 MDS 会从 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">up:replay</span></code> 进入此状态。
这个 MDS 正在解决所有尚未提交的 MDS 之间的操作。
文件系统中的所有 rank 都必须处于此状态或更靠后的状态才能取得进展，
即任何 rank 都不能出现故障/损坏或 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">up:replay</span></code> 。</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">reconnect</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>MDS 从 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">up:replay</span></code> 或 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">up:resolve</span></code> 进入此状态。
此状态用于邀请客户端重新连接过来。
所有与本 rank 有过会话的客户端都必须在这段时间内重新连接，
可通过 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mds_reconnect_timeout</span></code> 进行配置。</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">rejoin</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>MDS 从 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">up:reconnect</span></code> 进入此状态。在此状态下，MDS 将重新加入 MDS 集群缓存。
特别是，有关元数据的所有 MDS 间的锁都会重新建立。</p>
<p>如果没有已知的客户端请求需要重放，MDS 将直接从该状态进入 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">up:active</span></code> 。</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">up</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">clientreplay</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>MDS 可从 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">up:rejoin</span></code> 进入此状态。
MDS 正在重放所有已经回复但尚未持久化（未记入日志）的客户端请求。
客户端们在 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">up:reconnect</span></code> 期间重新发送这些请求，
这些请求将被再次重放。重放完成后， MDS 进入 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">up:active</span></code> 。</p>
</section>
<section id="id4">
<h3>失败状态<a class="headerlink" href="#id4" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h3>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">down</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">failed</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>实际上，没有任何 MDS 拥有这种状态。相反，它被应用于文件系统中的 rank 。例如：</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ ceph fs dump
...
max_mds 1
in      0
up      {}
failed  0
...
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>rank 0 是故障集的一部分，正等待备用 MDS 接管。如果这种状态持续存在，则表明没有找到合适的 MDS 守护进程分配给该 rank 。其中的原因可能是没有足够的备用守护进程，
或者与所有备用守护进程的 compat 不兼容（另请参阅 <a class="reference internal" href="../upgrading/#upgrade-mds-cluster"><span class="std std-ref">升级 MDS 集群</span></a> ）。</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">down</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">damaged</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>没有任何 MDS 事实上拥有这种状态。相反，它被应用于文件系统中的 rank 。例如：</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ ceph fs dump
...
max_mds 1
in      0
up      {}
failed
damaged 0
...
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>rank 0 已损坏（另请参阅 <a class="reference internal" href="../disaster-recovery/#cephfs-disaster-recovery"><span class="std std-ref">灾难恢复</span></a> ），并被归入损坏集。
以 rank 0 运行的 MDS 发现元数据损坏，无法自动恢复。需要操作员干预。</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">down</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">stopped</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>没有任何 MDS 事实上拥有此状态。相反，它被应用于文件系统中的 rank 。例如：</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ ceph fs dump
...
max_mds 1
in      0
up      {}
failed
damaged
stopped 1
...
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>通过减少 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">max_mds</span></code> ，此 rank 已被停止（另请参阅 <a class="reference internal" href="../multimds/#cephfs-multimds"><span class="std std-ref">多活 MDS 守护进程的配置</span></a> ）。</p>
</section>
</section>
<section id="id5">
<h2>状态图<a class="headerlink" href="#id5" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>这张状态图展示了 MDS/rank 可能的状态转变，图例如下：</p>
<section id="id6">
<h3>颜色<a class="headerlink" href="#id6" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>绿色: MDS 是活跃的。</p></li>
<li><p>橙色: MDS 处于尝试活跃状态的瞬间状态。</p></li>
<li><p>红色: MDS 在指出此状态导致 rank 被标记为失败。</p></li>
<li><p>紫色: MDS 和 rank 正在停止。</p></li>
<li><p>黑色: MDS 在指出此状态导致 rank 被标记为损坏。</p></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="id7">
<h3>形状<a class="headerlink" href="#id7" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>圆圈: MDS 持有这个状态。</p></li>
<li><p>六边形: 没有 MDS 能持有此状态（它是用于 rank 的）。</p></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="id8">
<h3>线<a class="headerlink" href="#id8" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>双线形状表示 rank 处于 “in” 状态。</p></li>
</ul>
<div class="graphviz"><object data="../../_images/graphviz-bb285c7e72ef0653f5989b8ada33ea5bdb23c2de.svg" type="image/svg+xml" class="graphviz">
<p class="warning">digraph {

node [shape=circle,style=unfilled,fixedsize=true,width=2.0]

node [color=blue,peripheries=1];
N0 [label=&quot;up:boot&quot;]

node [color=green,peripheries=1];
S1 [label=&quot;up:standby&quot;]
N0 -&gt; S1 [color=green,penwidth=2.0];
S2 [label=&quot;up:standby_replay&quot;]
S1 -&gt; S2 [color=green,penwidth=2.0];

node [color=orange,peripheries=2];
N1 [label=&quot;up:creating&quot;]
S1 -&gt; N1 [color=orange,penwidth=2.0];
N2 [label=&quot;up:starting&quot;]
S1 -&gt; N2 [color=orange,penwidth=2.0];
N3 [label=&quot;up:replay&quot;]
S1 -&gt; N3 [color=orange,penwidth=2.0];
S2 -&gt; N3 [color=orange,penwidth=2.0];
N4 [label=&quot;up:resolve&quot;]
N3 -&gt; N4 [color=orange,penwidth=2.0];
N5 [label=&quot;up:reconnect&quot;]
N3 -&gt; N5 [color=orange,penwidth=2.0];
N4 -&gt; N5 [color=orange,penwidth=2.0];
N6 [label=&quot;up:rejoin&quot;]
N5 -&gt; N6 [color=orange,penwidth=2.0];
N7 [label=&quot;up:clientreplay&quot;]
N6 -&gt; N7 [color=orange,penwidth=2.0];

node [color=green,peripheries=2];
S0 [label=&quot;up:active&quot;]
N7 -&gt; S0 [color=green,penwidth=2.0];
N1 -&gt; S0 [color=green,penwidth=2.0];
N2 -&gt; S0 [color=green,penwidth=2.0];
N6 -&gt; S0 [color=green,penwidth=2.0];

// going down but still accessible by clients
node [color=purple,peripheries=2];
S3 [label=&quot;up:stopping&quot;]
S0 -&gt; S3 [color=purple,penwidth=2.0];

// terminal (but &quot;in&quot;)
node [shape=polygon,sides=6,color=red,peripheries=2];
D0 [label=&quot;down:failed&quot;]
N2 -&gt; D0 [color=red,penwidth=2.0];
N3 -&gt; D0 [color=red,penwidth=2.0];
N4 -&gt; D0 [color=red,penwidth=2.0];
N5 -&gt; D0 [color=red,penwidth=2.0];
N6 -&gt; D0 [color=red,penwidth=2.0];
N7 -&gt; D0 [color=red,penwidth=2.0];
S0 -&gt; D0 [color=red,penwidth=2.0];
S3 -&gt; D0 [color=red,penwidth=2.0];
D0 -&gt; N3 [color=red,penwidth=2.0];

// terminal (but not &quot;in&quot;)
node [shape=polygon,sides=6,color=black,peripheries=1];
D1 [label=&quot;down:damaged&quot;]
S2 -&gt; D1 [color=black,penwidth=2.0];
N3 -&gt; D1 [color=black,penwidth=2.0];
N4 -&gt; D1 [color=black,penwidth=2.0];
N5 -&gt; D1 [color=black,penwidth=2.0];
N6 -&gt; D1 [color=black,penwidth=2.0];
N7 -&gt; D1 [color=black,penwidth=2.0];
S0 -&gt; D1 [color=black,penwidth=2.0];
S3 -&gt; D1 [color=black,penwidth=2.0];
D1 -&gt; D0 [color=red,penwidth=2.0]

node [shape=polygon,sides=6,color=purple,peripheries=1];
D3 [label=&quot;down:stopped&quot;]
S3 -&gt; D3 [color=purple,penwidth=2.0];
N6 -&gt; D3 [color=purple,penwidth=2.0];

}</p></object></div>
</section>
</section>
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